HOW HIGH IS Machu Picchu
Post Highlights
- 1 Introduction to Machu Picchu
- 2 Why Machu Picchu is Famous
- 3 Places to Visit and Nearby Attractions of Machu Picchu
- 4 Itinerary to Visit and Nearby Places for Machu Picchu
- 5 How to Reach Machu Picchu
- 6 Best Hotels in Machu Picchu
- 7 Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu
- 8 Local Culture & Cuisine of Machu Picchu
- 9 Activities to Do in Machu Picchu
- 10 Machu Picchu Travel Budget for a Couple
- 11 Machu Picchu Reviews of Travelers
- 12 Traveling with Family or Solo to Machu Picchu
- 13 Travel Essentials
- 14 Important Instructions
- 15 Safety Travel Tips
- 16 Conclusion
Introduction to Machu Picchu
Nestled high in the Andes Mountains of Peru, How High is Machu Picchu is a historic sanctuary and UNESCO World Heritage site that captivates travelers from around the globe. This ancient Incan city, often referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas,” is renowned for its stunning architecture, sophisticated dry-stone construction, and its mysterious history. Discovered by Hiram Bingham in 1911, Machu Picchu has since become one of the most sought-after travel destinations in the world, offering visitors a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage and breathtaking landscapes of Peru.
Why Machu Picchu is Famous
How high is Machu Picchu is famous for its archaeological significance and its spectacular setting amidst lush, cloud-forested mountains. The site is an exemplary display of the Inca civilization’s architectural prowess, with intricately designed stone structures that have stood the test of time. Notable features include the Intihuatana (a ritual stone), the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows, each reflecting the Incas’ astronomical and agricultural knowledge. The panoramic views, combined with the site’s historical mystique, make Machu Picchu an unforgettable destination.
Places to Visit and Nearby Attractions of Machu Picchu
1. The Sun Gate (Inti Punku)
How High is Machu Picchu The Sun Gate, known as Inti Punku in Quechua, is a significant archaeological feature of Machu Picchu. It served as the main entrance to the citadel for travelers approaching along the Inca Trail. Positioned high on the mountain ridge, the Sun Gate offers a breathtaking first glimpse of Machu Picchu to those arriving at dawn. The structure’s name reflects its alignment with the sun, as it frames the sunrise perfectly during the summer solstice, highlighting its importance in Inca cosmology and astronomy. The strategic location of Inti Punku also provided a defensive lookout point, enabling the Incas to monitor and control access to the sacred site.
2. Temple of the Sun
The Temple of the Sun is one of the most important religious structures in Machu Picchu, distinguished by its semi-circular tower built on a solid rock foundation. This temple was dedicated to Inti, the Inca sun god, and played a crucial role in astronomical observations and ceremonial functions. Its windows are strategically aligned to capture the rays of the solstice sun, which would illuminate the temple’s sacred stone within. This precision indicates the advanced understanding the Incas had of solar movements. The temple also contains an altar carved directly from the bedrock, used for sacrifices and offerings to honor the gods and ensure agricultural fertility.
3. Intihuatana Stone
The Intihuatana Stone, often referred to as the “Hitching Post of the Sun,” is a finely carved ritual stone associated with astronomical and spiritual significance. Located atop a terraced hill in Machu Picchu, this stone is a prime example of Inca engineering and knowledge. The Intihuatana Stone was used as an astronomical clock or calendar by the Inca priests. During the equinoxes, the stone’s shadow disappears, indicating the precise time when the sun is directly overhead. This event was likely central to Inca ceremonies, as it symbolized a moment when the earthly and celestial realms were closely aligned. The stone’s purpose underscores the Inca’s deep reverence for the sun and their sophisticated understanding of its cycles.
4. The Sacred Plaza
The Sacred Plaza, situated at the heart of Machu Picchu, is a prominent ceremonial and social hub that exemplifies the architectural and cultural sophistication of the Inca civilization. This area is flanked by important structures, including the Temple of the Three Windows, the Principal Temple, and the House of the Priest. Each building within the plaza has religious and ceremonial significance, contributing to the sacred atmosphere of the space. The open layout of the Sacred Plaza was likely designed to accommodate large gatherings for rituals, celebrations, and administrative functions. Its strategic position within Machu Picchu also provides expansive views of the surrounding mountains, enhancing the spiritual experience for those who gathered there. The plaza serves as a testament to the Inca’s ability to integrate their religious practices with their environmental context.
5. Aguas Calientes
Aguas Calientes, also known as Machu Picchu Pueblo, is the town closest to the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu. Nestled in a deep gorge surrounded by lush, green mountains, Aguas Calientes serves as the main gateway for tourists visiting the historic site. It is located approximately 9 kilometers (5.6 miles) from Machu Picchu. The town is accessible by train from Cusco and Ollantaytambo, and it offers a variety of accommodations, restaurants, and shops catering to the influx of visitors. The town’s name, which means “hot waters” in Spanish, is derived from the nearby natural hot springs that provide a relaxing spot for travelers after a day of exploring.
6. Huayna Picchu
How High is Machu Picchu – Huayna Picchu is the iconic mountain that rises steeply behind the Machu Picchu ruins, offering one of the most breathtaking views of the ancient site and the surrounding landscape. The peak stands at an elevation of about 2,720 meters (8,920 feet) above sea level and is located just 2.4 kilometers (1.5 miles) from Machu Picchu. The hike to the summit is challenging and steep, often requiring the use of hands to ascend the rock faces, but it rewards climbers with panoramic views of the archaeological site below. The journey takes about 1 to 2 hours each way and is limited to a certain number of visitors per day, necessitating advance booking.
7. Machu Picchu Mountain
Machu Picchu Mountain, also known as Montaña Machu Picchu, is another prominent peak located near the Machu Picchu ruins. It stands taller than Huayna Picchu at about 3,082 meters (10,111 feet) above sea level and is situated approximately 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) from the ancient city. The hike to the top of Machu Picchu Mountain is less steep but longer than the Huayna Picchu climb, typically taking about 2 to 3 hours each way. The trail offers expansive views of the surrounding Andes Mountains and the Urubamba River valley, providing a different perspective of the region’s stunning natural beauty.
8. Wiñay Wayna
Wiñay Wayna is an Inca archaeological site located along the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, about 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) from the main ruins. The name Wiñay Wayna means “forever young” in Quechua, a reference to the vibrant, green terraces that characterize the site. It features a series of agricultural terraces, a complex of stone structures, and a waterfall, all nestled on a steep hillside overlooking the Urubamba River. Many trekkers on the Inca Trail visit Wiñay Wayna on the last day of their journey before reaching Machu Picchu, making it a significant and memorable stop along the famous pilgrimage route.
9. Cusco
Cusco, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is a vibrant city rich in history and culture. It is situated about 80 kilometers (50 miles) from Machu Picchu. Sitting at an altitude of approximately 3,400 meters (11,150 feet) above sea level, Cusco is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its well-preserved colonial architecture, lively markets, and archaeological remains. The city serves as the primary entry point for travelers heading to Machu Picchu, with a variety of transportation options including train services and trekking routes. Visitors often spend a few days in Cusco acclimating to the altitude while exploring its historic sites such as the Sacsayhuamán fortress, the Coricancha temple, and the bustling Plaza de Armas.
Itinerary to Visit and Nearby Places for Machu Picchu
Day 1: Arrival in Cusco
- Morning: Arrive in Cusco, acclimate to the altitude, and explore the historic city center.
- Afternoon: Visit the Qorikancha temple and Sacsayhuamán fortress.
- Evening: Enjoy local cuisine in one of Cusco’s restaurants.
Day 2: Journey to Aguas Calientes
- Morning: Take a scenic train ride from Cusco to Aguas Calientes.
- Afternoon: Check into your hotel and explore the town’s markets and hot springs.
- Evening: Rest early for the next day’s adventure.
Day 3: Machu Picchu Exploration
- Morning: Take an early bus to Machu Picchu; start with a guided tour.
- Afternoon: Hike Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain for panoramic views.
- Evening: Return to Aguas Calientes.
Day 4: Additional Activities
- Morning: Optional second visit to Machu Picchu or explore Wiñay Wayna.
- Afternoon: Return to Cusco via train.
- Evening: Spend a final night in Cusco, reflecting on your journey.
Day 5: Departure
- Morning: Depart from Cusco with memories to last a lifetime.
How to Reach Machu Picchu
Reaching Machu Picchu involves a combination of flights, trains, and buses:
- Flight: International travelers fly into Jorge Chávez International Airport in Lima. From Lima, take a domestic flight to Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport in Cusco.
- Train: From Cusco, board a train to Aguas Calientes. Popular options include PeruRail and Inca Rail, offering various levels of comfort and scenic views.
- Bus: From Aguas Calientes, take a bus up to the entrance of Machu Picchu. Buses run frequently throughout the day.
Best Hotels in Machu Picchu
- Belmond Sanctuary Lodge: The only hotel located at the entrance of Machu Picchu, offering luxury and convenience.
- Inkaterra Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel: A charming eco-friendly hotel in Aguas Calientes with beautiful gardens and rustic elegance.
- Sumaq Machu Picchu Hotel: A luxury hotel in Aguas Calientes with excellent amenities and views of the Urubamba River.
- Tierra Viva Machu Picchu: A comfortable and affordable option in Aguas Calientes, known for its hospitality and proximity to the train station.
- Casa del Sol Machu Picchu Boutique Hotel: Offers cozy rooms with great views and a relaxing atmosphere.
Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, from May to September. During these months, the weather is more predictable, with sunny days and clear skies, ideal for exploring and photography. June and July are the peak tourist months, so expect larger crowds. The rainy season, from November to March, sees fewer tourists but increased rainfall, which can affect travel plans.
Local Culture & Cuisine of Machu Picchu
Culture
Machu Picchu and the surrounding regions are rich in Incan heritage. The local Quechua people maintain many of their ancestral traditions, including weaving, music, and dance. Festivals like Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun) in Cusco offer a vibrant display of local culture.
Cuisine
Peruvian cuisine is diverse and flavorful, with popular dishes including:
- Ceviche: Fresh fish marinated in lime juice, often served with onions and chili.
- Lomo Saltado: A stir-fry of beef, tomatoes, onions, and potatoes.
- Aji de Gallina: Shredded chicken in a creamy, spicy sauce.
- Pachamanca: A traditional dish cooked underground with hot stones, featuring meat, potatoes, and corn.
- Cuy: Guinea pig, a local delicacy often roasted or fried.
Activities to Do in Machu Picchu
- Guided Tours: Learn about the history and significance of Machu Picchu with a knowledgeable guide.
- Hiking: Explore various trails, including the famous Inca Trail, Huayna Picchu, and Machu Picchu Mountain.
- Photography: Capture the stunning landscapes and ancient structures.
- Bird Watching: Discover a variety of bird species in the surrounding cloud forests.
- Cultural Tours: Visit local communities to experience traditional Quechua culture.
Machu Picchu Travel Budget for a Couple
Estimated Costs (in USD and Peruvian Sol)
- Flights: $800 – $1,200 (USD) / S/. 2,880 – 4,320
- Accommodation: $400 – $1,000 (USD) / S/. 1,440 – 3,600 for 4 nights
- Train Tickets: $300 – $500 (USD) / S/. 1,080 – 1,800
- Entrance Fees: $100 – $150 (USD) / S/. 360 – 540
- Guided Tours: $100 – $200 (USD) / S/. 360 – 720
- Meals: $200 – $300 (USD) / S/. 720 – 1,080
- Miscellaneous: $100 – $200 (USD) / S/. 360 – 720
Total Estimated Budget: $2,000 – $3,550 (USD) / S/. 7,200 – 12,780
Machu Picchu Reviews of Travelers
Positive Reviews
- Breathtaking Views: Many travelers rave about the stunning scenery and unique photo opportunities.
- Historical Significance: Visitors are often moved by the rich history and cultural importance of Machu Picchu.
- Well-Organized Tours: Guided tours are frequently praised for their insightful information and smooth organization.
Negative Reviews
- Crowds: Some travelers find the site overcrowded, especially during peak season.
- Weather: The unpredictable weather, particularly during the rainy season, can affect the experience.
- High Costs: A few visitors mention the high cost of travel and accommodation.
Traveling with Family or Solo to Machu Picchu
Family Travel
- Pros: Educational experience for children, family-friendly hotels, and the opportunity for memorable bonding.
- Cons: The altitude and physical demands of hiking may be challenging for young children or elderly family members.
Solo Travel
- Pros: Flexibility to explore at your own pace, opportunity to meet other travelers, and personal reflection.
- Cons: Higher costs for solo travelers, safety considerations, and potential loneliness.
Travel Essentials
- Valid Passport: Required for entry into Peru.
- Travel Insurance: Highly recommended for health, trip cancellations, and unexpected events.
- Comfortable Clothing: Layers for varying temperatures, waterproof jacket, hiking boots, and hat.
- Sunscreen and Insect Repellent: Essential for protection from the sun and insects.
- Reusable Water Bottle: Stay hydrated, especially at high altitudes.
- Camera: To capture the beauty of Machu Picchu.
Important Instructions
- Acclimate to Altitude: Spend a few days in Cusco to adjust to the high altitude.
- Book in Advance: Reserve train tickets, entrance tickets, and guided tours well ahead of your trip.
- Respect the Site: Follow all rules and regulations to preserve Machu Picchu for future generations.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to avoid altitude sickness.
- Carry Cash: Some places may not accept credit cards, especially in remote areas.
Safety Travel Tips
- Stay on Designated Paths: Avoid venturing off marked trails for your safety and to protect the site.
- Beware of Altitude Sickness: Know the symptoms and take preventive measures.
- Travel in Groups: Especially for hikes, it’s safer to travel with others.
- Keep Valuables Secure: Be mindful of your belongings to prevent theft.
- Emergency Contacts: Know the local emergency numbers and have a basic understanding of Spanish phrases.
Conclusion
Machu Picchu is more than just a travel destination; it is a journey through history, culture, and natural beauty. Whether you are a history buff, an adventure seeker, or a cultural enthusiast, Machu Picchu offers an unforgettable experience. By planning ahead and respecting the local environment and customs, you can ensure a rewarding and safe visit to this iconic wonder of the world. Pack your bags and prepare for an adventure of a lifetime in the enchanting land of the Incas.
